Sec. 234.2. Definitions

(a) For the purpose of this Part, the general definitions of Part 200 of this Title apply.

(b) For the purpose of this Part, the following definitions also apply:

(1) Alcohol. Ethanol, n-propanol, and isopropanol.

(2) Alcohol substitute. A non-alcohol additive that contains VOC and is used in a fountain solution to reduce the surface tension of water or to prevent piling (ink build-up).

(3) As applied. The VOC concentration of ink, coating, or adhesive at the time it is applied to a substrate; or the alcohol (or alcohol substitute) concentration of a fountain solution at the time it is applied to lithographic press plates.

(4) Capture system. All equipment including, but not limited to, hoods, ducts, fans, booths, ovens, or dryers that contain, collect, and transport an air pollutant to control equipment.

(5) Cleaning materials. A liquid solvent or solution used to remove ink and debris from the operating surfaces of the printing press and its parts. For purposes of this rule, cleaning solutions include, but are not limited to blanket wash, roller wash, metering roller cleaner, plate cleaner, impression cylinder washes, rubber rejuvenators, and other cleaners used for cleaning a press, press parts, or to remove dried ink or coating from areas around the press.

(6) Cold-set printing process or non-heatset printing process.A printing process that uses absorption, oxidation, ultraviolet light, electron bean or other non-heat method to cure the printing ink.

(7) Composite partial vapor pressure. The sum of the partial pressure of the compounds defined as VOCs. VOC composite partial vapor pressure is calculated as follows:

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Where:

Wi = Weight of the "i"th VOC compound, in grams

Ww = Weight of water, in grams

Wc = Weight of exempt compound, in grams

Mwi = Molecular weight of the "i"th VOC compound, in g/g-mole

MWw = Molecular weight of water, in g/g-mole

MWc = Molecular weight of exempt compound, in g/g-mole

PPc = VOC composite partial vapor pressure at 20°C (68°F), in mm Hg

Vpi = Vapor pressure of the "i"th VOC compound at 20°C (68°F), in mm Hg

(8) Control equipment. The equipment used to destroy or remove VOC emissions from graphic art printing processes.

(9) Digital printing press. A printing press that transfers electronic files from a computer to an electronically driven output device that prints the image directly on a substrate. Also known as direct-to-media printing.

(10) Excluded compound. A compound expressly excluded from the definition of VOC in section 200.1 of this Title.

(11) Flexographic printing process. A printing process that raises the image to be applied above the non-image area and uses an image carrier made of rubber or other elastomeric materials.

(12) Fountain solution. A solution of water, VOC, gum arabic, and surfactants used for wetting lithographic press plates.

(13) Graphic arts. Packaging rotogravure, publication rotogravure, flexographic, offset lithographic, letterpress and screen printing processes.

(14) Heat-set printing process. A printing process that uses heat to evaporate ink oils from the printing ink. Hot air dryers are used to deliver the heat.

(15) Letterpress printing process. A printing process in which the image is raised relative to the non-image and a paste ink is transferred from the image surface directly to the substrate.

(16) Maximum permitted pounds of VOC per gallon of ink, coating or adhesive, minus water and excluded compounds, at application. The permissible quantity of VOC per gallon of ink, coating or adhesive minus water and excluded compounds; calculated as follows:

(VOC)a = (Dc)a ( (Wv)a − (Ww)a − (We)a)/1 − ( (Vw)a + (Ve)a)

where:

(VOC)a = VOC content of ink, coating or adhesive as applied, expressed as a mass of VOC, in pounds, per volume of coating, in gallons, minus water and excluded compounds

(Dc)a = ink, coating or adhesive density as applied, in pounds per gallon

(Wv)a = the weight fraction of total VOC in the ink, coating or adhesive as applied

(Ww)a = the weight fraction of water in the ink, coating or adhesive as applied

(Vw)a = the volume fraction of water in the ink, coating or adhesive as applied

(We)a = the weight fraction of excluded compounds in the ink, coating or adhesive as applied

(Ve)a = the volume fraction of excluded compounds in the ink, coating or adhesive as applied.

(17) Offset lithographic printing process. A planographic printing process that chemically differentiates the image and non-image areas and uses a lithographic plate to transfer the image to an intermediate surface which in turn transfers the image to the substrate.

(18) Overall removal efficiency. The total reduction in VOC emissions considering the efficiency of both the capture system and subsequent destruction or removal of these emissions by the control equipment prior to their release into the atmosphere.

(19) Packaging rotogravure printing process. A rotogravure printing process upon substrates that are subsequently formed into wallpaper, packaging products, or labels for articles to be sold.

(20) Printing press. The equipment used to apply words, pictures, or designs to either a web, or a sheet. A web is a continuous substrate of paper, plastic, or other material that is unwound from a roll, passed through ink or coating applicators and any associated drying areas. The press includes all ink and coating applicators and drying areas between unwind and rewind of the continuous substrate. A sheet consists of paper, plastic, or other material that is fed through the press sequentially and carried through the process on a moving belt. The press includes all ink and coating applicators and drying operations from the time that the sheet is put on the moving belt until it is taken off.

(21) Printing process. Any of the various ways a printing press is operated.

(22) Proof press. A printing press used only to check the quality of print color and editorial content.

(23) Publication rotogravure printing process. A rotogravure printing process used to produce books, magazines, catalogs, brochures, directories, newspaper supplements and similar types of printed material.

(24) Rotogravure printing process. An intaglio printing process that transfers the inked image from minute etched or engraved wells on a plate or cylinder to the substrate that is supported by an impression roller.

(25) Screen printing process. A printing process that delivers ink through a woven mesh fitted with an ink blocking stencil. The stencil and mesh openings determine the form and dimensions of the imprint. Screen printing processes where the ink is applied by a hand held squeegee are excluded from this definition.

(26) Serigraph. Fine art created or reproduced using a screen printing press.

(27) Solvent. A substance that is liquid at standard conditions and is used to dissolve or dilute another substance; this term includes, but is not limited to, organic materials used as dissolvers, viscosity reducers, degreasing agents, or cleaning agents. An excluded compound is not a solvent.