Sec. 599.13. New piping

(a) General requirements.

(1) New piping must be compatible with the substance(s) stored and be protected or resistant to all forms of internal and external wear, vibration, shock and corrosion. They must be free of leakage, structurally sound, properly supported under all operating conditions and protected from fire, heat, vacuum and pressure which would cause the system to fail. Piping must be designed to prevent damage from expansion, jarring, vibration, contraction and frost. The life expectancy of the system must be specified in the spill prevention report.

(2) New piping must be designed and installed in accordance with one or more of the following:

(i) ULC-C107.7;

(ii) ASTM D2996-88; (see section 598.1[j] of this Title); or

(iii) a comparable consensus code, standard or practice developed by a nationally recognized association or independent testing laboratory which meet the standards of this section.

(3) Adequate provisions must be made to protect all exposed piping from physical damage that might result from moving machinery such as forklifts, automobiles and trucks.

(4) Joint compounds and gaskets must be compatible with the substance(s) in storage.

(5) Piping must contain shut-off valves located adjacent to pump or compressor connections.

(6) Flexible connectors, elbows, loops, expansion chambers or other measures must be installed singularly, or in combination, to allow for movement and prevent damage from water hammer.

(7) Piping that carries liquid hazardous substances which expand upon freezing must be protected from freezing or must have provisions to prevent rupture due to freezing of the hazardous substance.

(8) Refrigerated piping must be constructed of materials suitable for extreme temperatures and pressures in the tank system.

(9) Piping which employs screw-type fittings must be provided with means to prevent leakage from these fittings.

(b) Corrosion protection for piping.

(1) Piping in contact with the soil and subject to corrosion must be protected from external corrosion by one of the following:

(i) corrosion resistant materials; or

(ii) a cathodic protection system.

(2) Cathodic protection must consist of one or a combination of the following:

(i) sacrificial anodes and coating;

(ii) impressed current; or

(iii) Another method specified in a consensus code, standard or practice developed by a nationally recognized association or independent testing laboratory which meet the standards of this section, such as the following: API 1632; or NACE Standard RP-01-69 (see section 598.1[j] of this Title).

(3) The corrosion protection system must be designed and constructed by a qualified engineer or corrosion specialist and must be designed to provide a minimum of 30 years of protection against external corrosion. The engineer or specialist must supervise the installation of all field fabricated protection systems and pre-fabricated systems to assure that the system has been installed as designed.

(4) Piping which is protected by cathodic protection other than impressed current must be electrically insulated from the tank unless the cathodic protection has been designed to protect the tank and piping. This insulation must be provided by dielectric fittings, bushings, washers, sleeves or gaskets which are chemically stable when exposed to the stored substances or corrosive soil.

(5) Each cathodic protection system must have a monitor that allows the adequacy of the cathodic protection system to be checked on an annual basis.

(6) Piping must be isolated from, or protected against, sources of stray electric current which include underground cables, electric machinery, railroad systems and electrical grounding rods.

(7) Tank and piping connections of two dissimilar metals which create a corrosion-inducing galvanic cell are prohibited.

(8) External coatings must be fiberglass-reinforced plastic, epoxy, or any other suitable dielectric material with a minimum thickness of 10 mils after curing. The coating must be factory-applied, or equivalent, and have a coefficient of thermal expansion compatible with that of steel and be firmly bonded to the steel. It must be of sufficient strength and density to form a hard, impermeable shell that will not crack, wick, wear, soften, flake or separate and must be non-corrodible under adverse underground electrolytic conditions. The application of the coating must be in strict accordance with the instructions of the supplier of the coating material.

(9) Coatings must be inspected for air pockets, cracks, blisters, and pinholes, and must be electrically tested for coating short circuits or coating faults. Any defects must be repaired in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions prior to installation.

(c) Aboveground piping.

(1) Unless constructed of a corrosion resistant material, the exterior surfaces of aboveground piping must be protected from corrosion. The surface must be prepared to a SSPC SP #6 blast, (see section 598.1[j] of this Title), or equivalent, and be protected by an inhibitive primer coat, intermediate inhibitive and two or more final coats of paint, or have an equivalent or better surface coating or protective system designed to prevent corrosion and deterioration.

(2) All new permanent aboveground piping greater than two inches in diameter must have welded or flanged connections or be plastic lined metal piping with flared end connections. Screwed connections are not acceptable where the threads are exposed to hazardous substances flowing within the piping. This does not apply to piping components such as gauges and instruments not normally available in flange connections.

(3) Piping passing through dike walls must be designed to prevent excessive stresses as a result of settlement or fire exposure.

(4) All new aboveground piping must bear a stencil, label or plate which contains the chemical name or common name if the chemical name is not appropriate, for the substance stored. The stencil, label or plate must be located at all valves, pumps, switches and on each side of any wall where piping enters or exits. At least one conspicuously visible label must be provided at each end of the piping.